Palbociclib is used to treat Breast Cancer

                                                                  Palbociclib 

Palbociclib is used to treat Breast Cancer

Palbociclib is a chemotherapy drug that is used to treat a certain type of breast cancer. It works by slowing or completely stopping the growth of malignant cells.

How to use Palbociclib Capsule :-

It is of utmost importance that you take this medicine strictly in accordance with the direction given by your physician. Do not hesitate to get your doubts cleared either from your doctor or your pharmacist. 

How to take the medicine?

The medicine needs to be taken continuously for 21 days followed by 7 days break.  It is called one cycle of treatment.  It needs to be swallowed after you have had your food. Never try to dissolve, chew or crush the capsule before taking it. Also, refrain from consuming the capsule if it looks damaged or broken. Avoid taking the medicine if you vomit immediately after taking it. You can take the capsule at the same time next day.

Your physician will decide upon the dosage based on your medical condition, your response to treatment, other medications that you may be taking and laboratory tests among others.

Additionally, your doctor needs to be fully aware of all the prescription, non-prescription or herbal drugs that you are using. Your doctor may decide to discontinue your medication for some time or cut your dose if you get any side effects. Speak to your doctor for additional information.

Things to avoid :-

Refrain from eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while you are under this medication unless your doctor gives the green signal.  Shunning of grapefruit is advised because it can increase the chance of side effects with this medicine.

Furthermore, your dosage should be exactly as prescribed by the doctor. Never in any circumstance increase or reduce the dosage on your own. This may increase the severity of side effects without any additional benefit.

Everything You Need to Know About Anticancer

Symptoms, Classification and Treatment of Cancer

Anti Cancer is a deadly disease caused by the uncontrollable or abnormal growth of cells anywhere in the body.  These abnormal cells are called cancer cells or malignant cells which in turn affect normal body tissues. So far, medical science has detected more than 200 different types and forms of cancer. Primary factors that may induce a cell to grow and divide at a rate not deemed normal could be gene mutation, exposure to toxins, pathogens, and radiation. These unusual cells are named cancer cells malignant cells or tumor cells

Anti Cancer symptoms

Anti Cancer symptoms and signs generally depend upon the type and stage of cancer. General symptoms common to cancer are:

• Fatigue
• Sudden weight loss. In some instances, it could be sudden weight gain as well.
• Change in bowel or bladder function
• Change in size, color, shape, or thickness of a wart or mole
• Persistent bleeding and bruising without any known cause
• Persistent cough, voice change and difficulty breathing
• Lumps under the skin which can be felt from outside
• Changes in tone and texture of the skin.
• Sores that won’t heal for a long time despite treatment could also be an indicator of cancer.
• Although there are quite a few tests or screening procedure to diagnose cancer, the most definitive diagnosis comes from a biopsy of the suspected cancer tissue.

Different types of cancers

1. Carcinoma: cancer that starts in the skin or in tissues that line or spread interior organs such as lung, colon, skin, pancreas, ovary, etc.
2. Sarcoma: Cancer that traces its origin to the bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, etc. 
3. Leukemia: Cancer that begins in the bone marrow and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to enter the blood.
4. Central nervous system cancers: Cancers that begin in the brain and spinal cord

What specialists treat cancer?

Doctors gaining practical experience in the treatment of cancer are known as oncologists. Doctors may be surgeon, a radiation therapy expert or a medical oncologist. A surgeon as the name suggests teats cancer through surgery. A radiation therapy expert treats cancer by radiation whereas a medical oncologist administers chemotherapy.  Sometimes a patient may require a combination of surgery and radiation or surgery and chemotherapy. As such different experts may have to collaborate with each other to treat cancer

In addition, the service of other specialists may be required based upon the location of cancer. For example, an immunologist may be called for cancers affecting the immune system. More often than not your primary care physician and main oncologist together decide the line of treatment best suited for you.

Cancer treatment

Line of treatment depends upon the type and stage of cancer along with the body part, it has affected. Cancer is usually treated through radiation, surgery or chemotherapy or the combination of these treatment methods.

Palliative therapy is administered to patients who are terminally ill i.e. their cancer is never again treatable. Palliative therapy is generally reserved for patients for incurable cases and its primary objective is to ease the pain and symptoms of the disease.  Palliative therapy may include medications or treatment through alternate options such as ant nausea medications.

List of Anti Cancer Drugs By Mediseller

Kidney Disease Medicine

The Definitive Guide To Kidneys And Medicine For Kidney Patients

This glossary will tell you about some of the medicine for kidney patients. But always consult the doctor before taking any medicine.

Anti-Hypertensives:- 

These are blood pressure tablets. You might need them to lower blood pressure. Prolonged high blood pressure can damage blood vessels, heart, and kidneys. This means you need a transplant or dialysis sooner. Reducing blood pressure will not make you feel better in the short-term. But in the long-term, these tablets will help you to stay healthy.

Diuretics (Water Tablets) :-

Healthy kidneys are good at producing the right amount of urine. Damaged ones are not so good at producing urine. This might mean that fluid builds up in your body that causes swollen ankles, difficulty in breathing and high blood pressure. Diuretics are tablets which encourage kidneys to produce more urine.

Erythropoietin (EPO) :-

It is often known as EPO and is a hormone that is produced by healthy kidneys. EPO stimulates the bone marrow for making red blood cells. When kidneys are not working properly you do not make enough EPO and become anemic. In this situation, you would be prescribed EPO injections.

Hepatitis B Vaccination:-

Patient needing dialysis is at a slight risk of getting hepatitis B. This is a viral infection therefore; you may be advised to have a hepatitis B vaccination.

Iron Supplements :-

Iron is essential for producing red blood cells; so, you may require iron supplement tablets. People with CKD are unable to absorb iron from the stomach and sometimes they need iron injections.

Phosphate Binders :-

These help to control blood phosphate levels. The medicine for kidney patients needs to be taken up to 15 minutes before, or with, food. Reducing phosphate levels can help to prevent itchiness and bone weakness. It might also help in reducing your risk of heart problems.

Sodium Bicarbonate:-

This medicine for kidney patients is given to help prevent the buildup of acid in your body. If kidneys function decreases there is less acid in your urine. This causes bicarbonate levels to drop and a low bicarbonate level can be bad for heart and can hasten the deterioration of kidney function.

Statins (Cholesterol Tablets) :-

You might need statins for lowering blood cholesterol level as high cholesterol can lead to heart disease. A healthy diet and exercise can also, it helps to lower cholesterol.

Vitamin D:-

This helps control calcium in the body and protects bones.

Hepatitis C Cure: Symptoms, Transmission, Treatments

Hepatitis C is one of several viruses that cause inflammation of the liver. The human immune system finds it hard to eliminate the virus from the body, and 85 percent of infections become chronic. Over the decades, chronic infection damages the liver and can also cause end-stage liver disease in the form of cirrhosis.

Hepatitis C usually does not cause symptoms or signs even though damaging organ health. A person infected with hepatitis C may have normal or slightly elevated liver enzymes in the blood. Well, it can be treated with hepatitis C medicine.

Symptoms and Complications of Hepatitis C

Signs and symptoms usually occur years after initial infection and may include:

•  Nausea
•  Vomiting
•  Fatigue
• Jaundice
• Arthritis-like pain in joints and muscle

Hepatitis C may cause disease outside of the liver. It may include:

• Skin
•  Blood
•  Kidney

Chronic inflammation caused by chronic hepatitis C lead to:

•   Poor health
•  Early or more severe heart disease, peripheral artery disease, stroke
•  Diabetes

People infected with the hepatitis C virus and HIV develop hardening of the arteries and get diabetes much faster, and often die earlier.

How Do You Get Hepatitis C?

Hepatitis refers to the cause of liver inflammation, with or without scarring the liver. It is contagious, and can also spread from person-to-person by blood-to-blood contact. Other causes of hepatitis include hepatitis A, B, C, and E. Other types of non-infectious causes of hepatitis include:

1.            Excessive alcohol intake
2.            Medications or even acetaminophen, forex, Tylenol liver damage, and drug-induced liver disease.
3.            Bacteria and viruses other than the hepatitis

Can Hepatitis C Be Cured with Hepatitis C Medicine?

Some progress has been made by past clinical trials in the medical treatment of hepatitis C. The rate of cure has increased with the development of all-oral antiviral regimens, direct-acting, and the length of therapy is much shorter. Treatment recommendations continue to change as new hepatitis C medicine becomes available. Treatment helps in reducing the progression of liver damage to cirrhosis, and might prevent liver cancer, and also prevent the spread of the infection to others.

Can Hepatitis C Be Cured Without Hepatitis C Medicine?

Around 15 percent of individuals who are contaminated with hepatitis C can kill it in the initial half a month. Presently, there is no clinical sign or test that helps predict which patient clear the virus and who develop chronic infection.

How Long It Take To Cure Hepatitis C?

Depending on the hepatitis C medicine, the specific genotype that is to be treated, any earlier treatment, and whether the patient has cirrhosis, the duration of therapy may be as few as eight weeks or up to twenty-four weeks. Most treatments are for twelve consecutive weeks. This is shorter than the interferon-based treatments. A patient is not considered "cured" until the "RNA viral load" is undetectable for twenty-four weeks after therapy is stopped.

The presence of cirrhosis or liver fibrosis is determined by liver biopsy, non-invasive fibrosis scans, or formulas that estimate liver fibrosis based on blood tests.

A very important aspect of treatment is to eliminate alcohol consumption. Alcohol adds fuel to the fire for chronic hepatitis. It greatly worsens liver fibrosis and speeds progression to cirrhosis, and there is no "safe" amount to drink.

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HIV Treatment: The Basics

Anti-HIV Drugs

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the use of Anti-HIV drugs to treat HIV infection. Patients on ART take a combination of HIV medicines known as HIV treatment regimen every day.

ART is recommended for patients who are HIV positive. It can’t cure HIV, but help people live longer and healthier lives. It can also reduce the risk of HIV transmission.

How do Anti HIV drugs work?

HIV destroys the infection-fighting cells of the immune system. Loss of these cells makes it hard for the body to fight off infections and certain HIV-related cancers.

These medicines prevent HIV from multiplying, which reduces the amount of HIV in the body. Less HIV gives the immune system a chance to recover. Even though there is still some HIV left, the immune system is strong enough to fight off infections.

By reducing the amount of HIV, these medicines also reduce the risk of HIV transmission. The main goal of ART is to reduce viral load to an undetectable level. Patients with HIV who maintain an undetectable viral load have no risk of transmitting HIV to their HIV-negative partner.

When to start taking HIV medicines?

Patients should start ART as soon as possible. People with following conditions are recommended to start ART right away: pregnancy, certain HIV-related illnesses and co-infections, AIDS, and early HIV infection.

What medicines are included in an HIV regimen?

There are many medicines available for HIV regimens. These anti-HIV drugs are grouped into seven drug classes according to how they fight HIV. Initial HIV regimen includes 3 HIV medicines from at least 2 different HIV drug classes.

The selection of an HIV regimen depends on several factors, including side effects of anti-HIV drugs and potential drug interactions between medicines. There are several HIV regimens to choose from.

What you should know about taking HIV medicines?

Side effects: Sometimes, these medicines can cause side effects. Most are manageable, but a few can be serious. Overall, the benefits are far outweighing the risk of side effects. Newer regimens cause fewer side effects than regimens used in the past.

Side effects can vary depending on the medicine and the person taking it. Some side effects, like headaches or dizziness, may not be serious. Other such as swelling of the throat and tongue or liver damage, can be life-threatening.

Drug interactions: Anti HIV drugs can interact with other HIV medicines in an HIV regimen. They can interact with other medicines, nutritional supplements, vitamins, and herbal products. A drug interaction reduces or increases a medicine's effect. It can also cause unwanted side effects.

Drug resistance: When HIV multiplies, the virus sometimes mutates and makes variations of it. Variations that develop while a patient is taking HIV medicines can lead to drug-resistant strains of HIV. The medicines that previously controlled a person’s HIV are not effective against the new one, drug-resistant HIV.

Poor adherence to an HIV regime like not taking HIV medicines every day or exactly as prescribed—increases the risk of drug resistance and thus, treatment failure.

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Pirfenidone Can Prolong Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients’ Lives

PIRFENEX TABLETS

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Pirfenidone Can Prolong Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients’ Lives:-

Esbriet or Pirfenidone can prolong idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients’ life, according to a review of clinical trials. Researchers also said that Pirfenidone or Pirfenex tablets are safe but do not help every IPF patient.

Pulmonary fibrosis is the most common interstitial lung disease or a group of disorders that involve scarring of lung tissue. It can lead to a progressive decline in lung function and poor quality of life, and also early death.

The disease’s progression gets worse by comorbidities, or other disorders, which includes pulmonary hypertension and sleep-disordered breathing. Scientists believe it is triggered by damage to protective epithelial cells in the alveoli and the release of cytokines that trigger inflammation. Cytokines promote cell to cell communication in immune responses and stimulate the movement of cells toward sites of inflammation, infection, and injury.

Earlier studies indicated that IPF fails to respond to immunotherapy. Recent trials have demonstrated that novel anti-fibrotic agents have improved lung function over time.

According to the review, Pirfenidone slows IPF patients’ decline in respiratory function and increases their progression-free survival. It also reduces mortality that other anti-fibrotic therapies such as Ofev are unable to do, researchers said.

Based on these findings, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Pirfenextablets for treating IPF in 2014.

More recently, the ASCEND phase 3 clinical trial supported Pirfenidone’s effectiveness. The study involving 555 patients showed that Pirfenidone improved respiratory function, progression-free survival, and ability to exercise.

An analysis of 2 clinical trials indicated that factors like patient age, smoking status, and geographic origin had no impact on Pirfenidone’s effectiveness.

The trials have also shown that prolonged treatment that is beyond 6 months continued to reduce the risk of IPF patients’ respiratory decline and death. Pooled data from 5 clinical studies covering 1,299 patients supported a previous finding that Pirfenidone is well-tolerated.

Another finding was that a combination of Pirfenidone and amino acid N-acetylcysteine worsened IPF patients’ respiratory function, compared with Pirfenidone alone. The discovery came out of the recent PANORAMA phase 2 trials.

Although the results on Pirfenidone are encouraging, the researchers who did the review said doctors should approach its use with caution. That is because not all IPF patients have better respiratory function and live longer after taking Pirfenex tablets.

Individuals with more rapidly declining lung function prior to the beginning, Pirfenidone treatment is more likely to experience the benefit.

Side Effects:-

Side effects of Pirfenidone include gastrointestinal problems, weight loss, skin reactions, anorexia, and fatigue, according to the review. Patients taking it should avoid smoking and drugs that inhibit Pirfenidone’s metabolism in the liver, the researchers said.

Those taking Pirfenidone should be carefully monitored, particularly those with severe liver or kidney dysfunction.

The benefits of early treatment with Pirfenidone, compared with the risks, have yet to be investigated.

Note: Before initiating treatment, a thorough dialogue with the patient that includes an educational overview of its benefits, risks, and limitations are recommended.

Anti Cancer Medicines

                              ANTI CANCER MEDICINE

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Cancer Prevention: Some Tips to Reduce Your Risk :-

Cancer is caused by damage to our DNA, if a cell develops too much damage to its DNA it can start to grow and multiply out of control; this is how this disease starts. Some patients having the disease will have only one treatment, but most people have a combination of treatments, such as surgery with chemotherapy, which uses one or more anti cancer medicines and/or radiation therapy.

You might have probably heard conflicting reports about cancer prevention. Sometimes a specific prevention tip recommended in one study is not advised in another. However, it is well accepted that your chances of developing the disease are affected by the lifestyle you choose.

Simple lifestyle changes will make a big difference, so, consider these tips.

Avoid tobacco :- 

Smoking is linked to lung, mouth, throat, larynx, pancreas, bladder, and cervix and Kidney Cancer. Chewing tobacco has been linked to oral cavity and pancreas cancer. Avoiding tobacco or stop using it is an important part of prevention.

Take healthy diet :-

Keep your diet on fruits, vegetables and other food products from plant sources. Eat lighter and leaner by selecting fewer high-calorie foods.

A report concluded that eating large amounts of processed meat can increase the risk of certain types of cancer, so, limit processed meats.

Women who eat a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil and mixed nuts have a reduced risk of breast cancer. It focuses mostly on plant-based foods, such as fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts.

Protect yourself from sun :-

Skin cancer is the most common diseases and one of the most preventable. Avoid midday sun, stay in the shade, cover exposed areas, wear tightly woven loose fitting clothing, which covers as much of your skin as possible. Opt for bright or dark colors these reflect more ultraviolet radiation than pastels or bleached cotton.

Do not skimp on sunscreen; use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, even on cloudy days and apply generously, and reapply every two hours or more often if you are swimming or perspiring.

Get vaccinated :-

Cancer prevention includes protection from viral infections, so, talk to your doctor about vaccination against:

Hepatitis B can increase the risk of liver cancer, its vaccine is recommended for adults at high risk, such as who are sexually active but not in a mutually monogamous relationship, people with sexually transmitted infections or who use intravenous drugs, and other.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus, which can lead to cervical and other genital cancers and also squamous cell cancers of the head and neck. Its vaccine is recommended for girls and boys ages 11 and 12.

Conclusion :-

Healthy lifestyle is not a guarantee against the disease. But it heaps the odds in favor, by reducing the risk of developing the disease. There are many anti cancer medicines available to treat the disease and at Mediseller you can find the best and certified medicines.