Kidney Disease Medicine

The Definitive Guide To Kidneys And Medicine For Kidney Patients

This glossary will tell you about some of the medicine for kidney patients. But always consult the doctor before taking any medicine.

Anti-Hypertensives:- 

These are blood pressure tablets. You might need them to lower blood pressure. Prolonged high blood pressure can damage blood vessels, heart, and kidneys. This means you need a transplant or dialysis sooner. Reducing blood pressure will not make you feel better in the short-term. But in the long-term, these tablets will help you to stay healthy.

Diuretics (Water Tablets) :-

Healthy kidneys are good at producing the right amount of urine. Damaged ones are not so good at producing urine. This might mean that fluid builds up in your body that causes swollen ankles, difficulty in breathing and high blood pressure. Diuretics are tablets which encourage kidneys to produce more urine.

Erythropoietin (EPO) :-

It is often known as EPO and is a hormone that is produced by healthy kidneys. EPO stimulates the bone marrow for making red blood cells. When kidneys are not working properly you do not make enough EPO and become anemic. In this situation, you would be prescribed EPO injections.

Hepatitis B Vaccination:-

Patient needing dialysis is at a slight risk of getting hepatitis B. This is a viral infection therefore; you may be advised to have a hepatitis B vaccination.

Iron Supplements :-

Iron is essential for producing red blood cells; so, you may require iron supplement tablets. People with CKD are unable to absorb iron from the stomach and sometimes they need iron injections.

Phosphate Binders :-

These help to control blood phosphate levels. The medicine for kidney patients needs to be taken up to 15 minutes before, or with, food. Reducing phosphate levels can help to prevent itchiness and bone weakness. It might also help in reducing your risk of heart problems.

Sodium Bicarbonate:-

This medicine for kidney patients is given to help prevent the buildup of acid in your body. If kidneys function decreases there is less acid in your urine. This causes bicarbonate levels to drop and a low bicarbonate level can be bad for heart and can hasten the deterioration of kidney function.

Statins (Cholesterol Tablets) :-

You might need statins for lowering blood cholesterol level as high cholesterol can lead to heart disease. A healthy diet and exercise can also, it helps to lower cholesterol.

Vitamin D:-

This helps control calcium in the body and protects bones.

Hepatitis C Cure: Symptoms, Transmission, Treatments

Hepatitis C is one of several viruses that cause inflammation of the liver. The human immune system finds it hard to eliminate the virus from the body, and 85 percent of infections become chronic. Over the decades, chronic infection damages the liver and can also cause end-stage liver disease in the form of cirrhosis.

Hepatitis C usually does not cause symptoms or signs even though damaging organ health. A person infected with hepatitis C may have normal or slightly elevated liver enzymes in the blood. Well, it can be treated with hepatitis C medicine.

Symptoms and Complications of Hepatitis C

Signs and symptoms usually occur years after initial infection and may include:

•  Nausea
•  Vomiting
•  Fatigue
• Jaundice
• Arthritis-like pain in joints and muscle

Hepatitis C may cause disease outside of the liver. It may include:

• Skin
•  Blood
•  Kidney

Chronic inflammation caused by chronic hepatitis C lead to:

•   Poor health
•  Early or more severe heart disease, peripheral artery disease, stroke
•  Diabetes

People infected with the hepatitis C virus and HIV develop hardening of the arteries and get diabetes much faster, and often die earlier.

How Do You Get Hepatitis C?

Hepatitis refers to the cause of liver inflammation, with or without scarring the liver. It is contagious, and can also spread from person-to-person by blood-to-blood contact. Other causes of hepatitis include hepatitis A, B, C, and E. Other types of non-infectious causes of hepatitis include:

1.            Excessive alcohol intake
2.            Medications or even acetaminophen, forex, Tylenol liver damage, and drug-induced liver disease.
3.            Bacteria and viruses other than the hepatitis

Can Hepatitis C Be Cured with Hepatitis C Medicine?

Some progress has been made by past clinical trials in the medical treatment of hepatitis C. The rate of cure has increased with the development of all-oral antiviral regimens, direct-acting, and the length of therapy is much shorter. Treatment recommendations continue to change as new hepatitis C medicine becomes available. Treatment helps in reducing the progression of liver damage to cirrhosis, and might prevent liver cancer, and also prevent the spread of the infection to others.

Can Hepatitis C Be Cured Without Hepatitis C Medicine?

Around 15 percent of individuals who are contaminated with hepatitis C can kill it in the initial half a month. Presently, there is no clinical sign or test that helps predict which patient clear the virus and who develop chronic infection.

How Long It Take To Cure Hepatitis C?

Depending on the hepatitis C medicine, the specific genotype that is to be treated, any earlier treatment, and whether the patient has cirrhosis, the duration of therapy may be as few as eight weeks or up to twenty-four weeks. Most treatments are for twelve consecutive weeks. This is shorter than the interferon-based treatments. A patient is not considered "cured" until the "RNA viral load" is undetectable for twenty-four weeks after therapy is stopped.

The presence of cirrhosis or liver fibrosis is determined by liver biopsy, non-invasive fibrosis scans, or formulas that estimate liver fibrosis based on blood tests.

A very important aspect of treatment is to eliminate alcohol consumption. Alcohol adds fuel to the fire for chronic hepatitis. It greatly worsens liver fibrosis and speeds progression to cirrhosis, and there is no "safe" amount to drink.

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HIV Treatment: The Basics

Anti-HIV Drugs

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the use of Anti-HIV drugs to treat HIV infection. Patients on ART take a combination of HIV medicines known as HIV treatment regimen every day.

ART is recommended for patients who are HIV positive. It can’t cure HIV, but help people live longer and healthier lives. It can also reduce the risk of HIV transmission.

How do Anti HIV drugs work?

HIV destroys the infection-fighting cells of the immune system. Loss of these cells makes it hard for the body to fight off infections and certain HIV-related cancers.

These medicines prevent HIV from multiplying, which reduces the amount of HIV in the body. Less HIV gives the immune system a chance to recover. Even though there is still some HIV left, the immune system is strong enough to fight off infections.

By reducing the amount of HIV, these medicines also reduce the risk of HIV transmission. The main goal of ART is to reduce viral load to an undetectable level. Patients with HIV who maintain an undetectable viral load have no risk of transmitting HIV to their HIV-negative partner.

When to start taking HIV medicines?

Patients should start ART as soon as possible. People with following conditions are recommended to start ART right away: pregnancy, certain HIV-related illnesses and co-infections, AIDS, and early HIV infection.

What medicines are included in an HIV regimen?

There are many medicines available for HIV regimens. These anti-HIV drugs are grouped into seven drug classes according to how they fight HIV. Initial HIV regimen includes 3 HIV medicines from at least 2 different HIV drug classes.

The selection of an HIV regimen depends on several factors, including side effects of anti-HIV drugs and potential drug interactions between medicines. There are several HIV regimens to choose from.

What you should know about taking HIV medicines?

Side effects: Sometimes, these medicines can cause side effects. Most are manageable, but a few can be serious. Overall, the benefits are far outweighing the risk of side effects. Newer regimens cause fewer side effects than regimens used in the past.

Side effects can vary depending on the medicine and the person taking it. Some side effects, like headaches or dizziness, may not be serious. Other such as swelling of the throat and tongue or liver damage, can be life-threatening.

Drug interactions: Anti HIV drugs can interact with other HIV medicines in an HIV regimen. They can interact with other medicines, nutritional supplements, vitamins, and herbal products. A drug interaction reduces or increases a medicine's effect. It can also cause unwanted side effects.

Drug resistance: When HIV multiplies, the virus sometimes mutates and makes variations of it. Variations that develop while a patient is taking HIV medicines can lead to drug-resistant strains of HIV. The medicines that previously controlled a person’s HIV are not effective against the new one, drug-resistant HIV.

Poor adherence to an HIV regime like not taking HIV medicines every day or exactly as prescribed—increases the risk of drug resistance and thus, treatment failure.

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